FAKRA is a German antenna standard and is an acronym for FAchKReisAutomobil (a team of automotive experts consists of engineers from BMW, HuberSuhner, Rosenberger and other companies, and the Huber-Suhner related connector business and technology was merged into Rosenberger in 2010). Originally used for car radio antenna connections for BMW's needs, FAKRA has now become a universal standard high-speed connector in the automotive industry and is widely used in the industry. HFM connectors are widely used in various ADAS sensors, so with the proliferation of ADAS sensors brought about by autonomous driving, the amount of HFM connectors used by bicycles may increase significantly. HFM is an upgraded version of FAKRA connector, which adapts to the impedance of traditional Fakra to the greatest extent.
The appearance of Fakra was a revolution in in-car connection technology at the time, because the traditional "lantern head" (or banana head) could neither guarantee good contact, nor achieve low-loss transmission of RF signals. In the radio system, the "lantern head" is barely usable even if it does not meet the car regulations due to cost constraints. But involving GPS, 3G/LTE and other applications, this connector is completely unable to meet the data transmission needs.
And FAKRA solves these problems well. Performance-wise, FAKRA connectors reach 6GHz and meet the rugged mechanical and environmental requirements of the automotive industry in 50, 60 (limited) and 75 ohm versions. And it ensures D performance by allowing the center coaxial insert of the connector and the attached cable to rotate 360 degrees. Such a feature may prevent problems such as cable impedance and signal transmission integrity caused by cable twisting. And FAKRA's locking system has primary and secondary locking mechanisms to prevent connector disengagement accidents while the car is running.
Today, FAKRA connectors have become the primary solution for automotive RF applications. Except for the Japanese domestic market, FAKRA connectors are required by almost all car manufacturers around the world as a transmission standard for RF signals in cars, and applications include radio antennas, GPS antennas or navigation, in-vehicle mobile communications, RF Bluetooth applications, and RF remote keyless entry and Vehicle auxiliary heating. FAKRA generally uses coaxial cable, single wire and single core. A common FAKRA connector consists of a molded case, outer conductor, center conductor, insulator, crimp sleeve (harness end connector only), and secondary lock (harness end connector only).
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